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about past tenses |
Simple Past
Function :
To explain an activity which was done in past time.
v Verbal
+) S + V2 + O
-) S + Did + Not + V1 + O
?) Did + S + V1 + O?
e.g :
+) I ate porridge yesterday
-) I did not eat porridge yesterday
?) Did I eat porridge yesterday?
v Nominal
+) S + Was/Were + Ana
-) S + Was/Were + Not + Ana
?) Was/Were + S + Ana ?
e.g :
+) You were sick last week
-) You were not sick last week
?) Were you sick last week ?
v Question Word
a. Asking Subject
Who/What + V2
+ O ?
b. Asking Verb
What + did +
S + do ?
c. Asking Object
QW + did + S
+ V1 ?
d. Asking Possessive adjective in subject
Whose + noun
+ V2 + O ?
e. Asking Possessive adjective in object
Whose + noun
+ did + S + V1…?
f. Asking Adjective in subject
Which + noun
+ V2 + O ?
g. Asking Adjective in object
Which + noun + did + S +
V1…?
Past Continuous
A). Definition:
To explain an activity that happened when
another happened.
B). Formula:
Verbal Sentence
|
Nominal Sentence
|
(+) S + Was/Were + Ving + O
|
(+) S + Was/Were + Being + ANA
|
(-) S + Was/Were + Not + Ving + O
|
(-) S + Was/Were + Not + Being + ANA
|
(?) Was/Were + S + Ving + O?
|
(?) Was/Were + S + Being + ANA?
|
·
Example verbal:
(+) Cecep was leaving Linda
at 6 o’clock last morning
(-) Cecep was not leaving
Linda at 6 o’clock last morning
(?) was Cecep leaving Linda
at 6 o’clock last morning?
·
Example nominal:
(+) I was being superhero
(-) I was not being
superhero
(?) was I being superhero?
Note : Was = I, She, He,
It, Name of Person (Wilda, Ulfi)
Were = You, They, we
C). Time Signal: At 5
o’clock yesterday, all morning yesterday, past continuous while past
continuous, past continuous when simple past.
D). Question Word:
·
Asking Subject: Who/What + Was + Ving + O?
·
Asking Verb: What + Was/Were + S + Doing?
·
Asking Object: Q.W. + Was/Were + S + Ving +…?
Example:
Ijad was meeting Sri
at 5 o’clock yesterday
1 2 3 4
1. who was meeting Sri at 5 o’clock yesterday?
2. what was Ijad doing?
3. whom was Ijad meeting at 5 o’clock yesterday?
4. when was Ijad meeting Sri?
Past Perfect
To explain an activity had been done in past time
v Verbal
+) S + Had +V3 + O
-) S + Had + not + V3 + O
?) Had + S + V3 + O?
v Example :
+) She had burnt rubbish
-) She had not burnt rubbish
?) Had she burnt rubbish?
v Nominal
+) S + Had + been + ana
-) S + Had + not +been + ana
?) Had + S + been + ana?
Example :
+) His mother had been angry
-) His mother had not been angry
?) Had his mother been angry?
v Question Word
·
Asking
Subject
Who/what + S
+ Had + V3 + O?
·
Asking Verb
What + Had +
S + done?
·
Asking Object
Qw + Had + S
+ V3?
Example:
Cecep had peeped a sexy widow
1 2
3
1. Who had
peeped a sexy widow?
2. What had
cecep done?
3. Whom had cecep peeped?
Past Perfect Continuous
A). Definition
To explain an activity which had been being done
in past time.
B). Formula:
Verbal Sentence
|
Nominal Sentence
|
(+)
S + had + been + V-ing + O
|
(+)
S + had + been + (being) + ANA
|
(-)
S + had + not + been + V-ing +O
|
(-)
S + had + not + been + (being) +ANA
|
(?) Had + S + been + Ving + O?
|
(?) Had + S + been + (being) + ANA?
|
·
Example verbal:
(+) she had been shooting a deer
(-) she had not been shooting a deer
(?) had she been shooting a deer?
·
Example nominal:
(+) Cecep had been (being) Superman
(-) Cecep had not been (being) Superman
(?) had Cecep been (being) Superman?
C). Time Signal: past perfect continuous for… when simple past, by
last….
D). Question Word:
·
Asking Subject: Who/What + had + been + Ving +
O?
·
Asking Verb: What + had + S + been + doing?
·
Asking Object: QW + had + S + been + Ving +…?
Example:
He had been waiting for someone at 5 o’clock last week
1 2 3 4
1. who had been waiting for someone at 5 o’clock last week?
2. what had he been doing?
3. whom had he been waiting for at 5 o’clock last week?
4. when had he been waiting for someone?
May be useful for us guys :)
further information, just click this link Simple Past ^_-
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